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UNITED STATES |
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DESCRIPTION:
 Britain's
American colonies broke with the mother country in 1776 and
were recognized as the United States of America following
the Treaty of Paris in 1783. During the 19th and 20th
centuries, 37 new sates were added to the original 13 as the
nation expanded across the North American continent and
acquired a number of overseas possessions. The US remains
the world's most powerful nation state.
TERRAIN:
Vast central plain, mountains in the west hills and low
mountains in the east; rugged mountains and broad river
valleys in Alaska; rugged, volcanic topography in Hawaii.
 NATURAL RESOURCES:
Coal, copper, lead, molybdenum, phosphates, uranium,
bauxite, gold, iron, mercury, nickel, potash, silver,
tungsten, zinc, petroleum, natural gas and timber.
POPULATION:
307,212, 123 (July 2009 est.)
NATIONALITY:
American
LANGUAGES:
English 82.1%, Spanish 10.7%, other Indo-European 3.8%,
Asian and Pacific Island 2.7%, other 0.7% (2000 census).
Note: Hawaiian is an official language in the state of
Hawaii.
COUNTRY NAME:
United States of America
CAPITAL:
Washington, DC
INDUSTRIES:
Petroleum, steel, motor vehicles, aerospace,
telecommunications, chemicals, electronics, food processing,
consumer goods, lumber and mining.
AGRICULTURE PRODUCTS:
Wheat, corn, other grains, fruits, vegetables, cotton, beef,
pork, poultry, dairy products, fish and forest products. |
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CANADA |
DESCRIPTION:
 A
land of vast distances and rich natural resources, Canada
became a self-governing dominion in 1867 while retaining
ties to the British crown. Economically and technologically
the nation has developed in parallel with the US, its
neighbor to the south across an unfortified border. Canada
aims to develop its diverse energy resources while
maintaining its commitment to the environment.
TERRAIN:
Mostly plains with mountains in the west and lowlands in the
southeast.
NATURAL
RESOURCES:
Iron, ore, nickel, zinc, copper, gold, lead, molybdenum,
potash, diamonds, silver, fish, timber, wildlife, coal,
petroleum, natural gas and hydropower.
 POPULATION:
33,487,208 (July 2009 est.)
NATIONALITY:
Canadian
LANGUAGES:
English 59.3%, French 23.2%, other 17.5%
COUNTRY
NAME:
Canada
INDUSTRIES:
Transportation equipment, chemicals, processed and
unprocessed minerals, food products, wood and paper
products, fish products, petroleum and natural gas.
AGRICULTURE
PRODUCTS:
Wheat, barley, oilseed, fruits, tobacco, vegetables, dairy
products, forest products and fish. |
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BRAZIL |
DESCRIPTION:
 Following
more than three centuries under Portuguese rule, Brazil
peacefully gained its independence in 1822. Brazilian coffee
exporters politically dominated the country until populist
leader Getulio Vargas rose to power in 1930. Brazil
underwent more than half a century of populist and military
government until 1985, when the military regime peacefully
ceded power to civilian rulers. Brazil continues to pursue
industrial and agricultural growth/development of its
interior. Exploiting vast natural resources and a large
labor pool, it is South America's leading economic power and
a regional leader.
TERRAIN:
Mostly flat to rolling lowlands in the north; some plains,
hills, mountains, and narrow coastal.....
 POPULATION:
198,739,269
NATIONALITY:
Brazilian
LANGUAGES:
Portuguese (official language); less common are Spanish,
German, Italian, Japanese, English and Amerindian.
COUNTRY
NAME:
Federative Republic of Brazil
CAPITAL:
Brasilia
INDUSTRIES:
Shoes, chemicals, cement, lumber, iron, ore, tin, steel,
aircraft, motor vehicles and parts, and other machinery and
equipment.
AGRICULTURE
PRODUCTS:
Coffee, soybeans, wheat, rice, corn, sugarcane, cocoa,
citrus and beef. |
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GERMANY |
 DESCRIPTION:
As Europe's largest economy and second most populous nation,
Germany is a key member of the continent's economic,
political, and defense organizations. Germany has expended
considerable funds to bring Eastern productivity and wages
up to Western standards. In January 1999, Germany and 10
other EU countries introduced a common European exchange
currency, the euro.
TERRAIN:
Lowlands in the north, uplands in the center and the
Bavarian Alps in the south.
NATURAL
RESOURCES:
Coal, lignite, natural gas, iron, ore, copper, nickel,
uranium, potash, salt, construction materials, timber and
arable land.
POPULATION:
82,329,758 (July 2009 est.)
NATIONALITY:
German
LANGUAGES:
German
COUNTRY
NAME:
Federal Republic of Germany
CAPITAL:
Berlin
INDUSTRIES:
Among the world's largest and most technologically advanced
producers of iron, steel, coal, cement, chemicals,
machinery, vehicles, machine tools, electronics, food and
beverages, shipbuilding and textiles.
AGRICULTURE
PRODUCTS:
Potatoes, wheat, barley, sugar beets, fruit, cabbages,
cattle, pigs and poultry. |
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NETHERLANDS |
DESCRIPTION:
 The
Dutch United Provinces declared their independence from
Spain in 1579; during the 17th century, they became a
leading seafaring and commercial power, with settlements and
colonies around the world. After a 20 year French
occupation, a Kingdom of the Netherlands was formed in 1815.
As a modern industrialized nation, the Netherlands is also a
large exporter of agricultural products. The country was
founding member of NATO and the EEC (now the EU), and
participated in the introduction of the euro in 1999.
TERRAIN:
Mostly coastal lowland and reclaimed land (polders); some
hills in the southeast.
NATURAL
RESOURCES:
 Natural
gas, petroleum, peat, salt, limestone, sand and gravel, and
arable land.
POPULATION:
16,715,999 (July 2009 est.)
NATIONALITY:
Dutchman and Dutchwoman
LANGUAGES:
Dutch and Frisian
COUNTRY
NAME:
Kingdom of the Netherlands
CAPITAL:
Amsterdam
INDUSTRIES:
Agro industries, metal and engineering products, electrical
machinery and equipment, chemicals, petroleum, construction,
microelectronics and fishing.
AGRICULTURE
PRODUCTS:
Grains, potatoes, sugar beets, fruits, vegetables and
livestock. |
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ITALY |
DESCRIPTION:
 Italy
is a country located partly on the European Continent and
partly on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on
the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and
Sardinia. Italy shares its northern, Alpine boundary with
France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia. The independent
states of San Marino and the Vatican City are enclaves
within the Italian Peninsula, and Campione d'Italia is an
Italian exclave in Switzerland.
TERRAIN:
The country's total area is 301,230 km2, of which
294,020km2 is land and 7,210 km2 is
water.
 NATURAL
RESOURCES:
Coal, mercury, zinc, potash, marble, barite, asbestos,
pumice, fluorspar, feldspar, pyrite (sulfur), natural gas
and crude oil reserves, fish, arable land.
POPULATION:
60,231,214
NATIONALITY:
Italian
LANGUAGES:
Italian
COUNTRY
NAME:
Italian Republic
CAPITAL:
Rome
INDUSTRIES:
Engineering products, textiles and clothing, production
machinery, motor vehicles, transport equipment, chemicals;
food, beverages and tobacco; minerals, and nonferrous
metals.
AGRICULTURE
PRODUCTS:
Sugar beets, wheat, corn, tomatoes, oranges, potatoes,
apples, barley and rice. |
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